Neospora caninum is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite, very similar to toxoplasma gondii and is considered to be the cause of abortion in sheep. There has been several reports of N. caninum induced abortion in sheep. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate N. Caninum infection rate in the aborted fetuses in Khuzestan province. In this study, 100 samples of brain, liver and thoracic fluid were collected from the aborted fetuses of sheep from different parts of the province and evaluated using randomized cluster sampling. Fetuses were aborted indifferent month of pregnancies and were divided into three groups: first period, intermediate period and final period of pregnancy. Of the 100 samples studied, 51 were male and 49 were female. Polymerase chain reaction and modified agglutination tests were used for the detection of N. Caninum. DNA of N. Caninum was detected in 11% of the brain samples and 4% of the liver samples. Infection rate in male and female fetuses were 11.7% and 12%, respectively. The highest fetus infection rate was in Ahvaz city (20%) and the lowest infection rate was detected in Dezful city (8.3%). From a total of 39 thoracic fluid samples, 11 samples (28.20%) were tested positive using NAT method.54.6% of positive samples were male and 45.4% were female fetuses. The highest fetus infection rate was seen in cities of Behbahan and Ieze (50%) and the lowest infection rate was seen in Molasani (16.6%). Also 6 of the samples were tested positive in molecular and serological levels. This survey indicates that N. Caninum infection rate in aborted fetus from Khuzestan province is fairly high therefore preventive and control measures should be considered by health authorities.

Heifers are exposed to many of the same microorganisms that cause IMI in lactating and non lactating cows. The infection in dairy heifers may damage the developing secretary tissues reducing the future milk production in such animals. The efficacy of antibiotics for treating IMI in unbred and primigravid heifers has been demonstrated by a few researchers. The objective of the present study was to compare the times of dry cow therapy in control of post partum IMI and milk production in primigravid heifers. For this porpose, 75 primigravid heifers were selected for the study and were placed in three groups including: 25 heifers in 60 day before parturition (group A), 25 heifers in 30 day before parturition (group B), and 25 heifers in 30-60 day before parturition (group c). First, secretary of mammary glands was collected in sterile 1.5 ml micro tube under controlled conditions to investigate microbial contamination.Then, intra mammary treatment with cloxacillin ointment was done in 50 heifers in two groups of A and B. In 3th day after parturition, 10 ml milk sample of 75 heifers was collected separately in 12ml sterile tube to investigate microbial contamination. Milk producing of heifers in three groups was recorded in 30, 60 and 90 day after parturition. Based on bacterial culture results mammary gland secretaries, in before and after parturition, at least bacterial contamination was observed in group B heifers and most contamination was observed in control group of heifers. Between Heifers in group A and C, significant difference were found. By survey on milk production of three group heifers, it was found that there is significant differentiation between milk production in 30 and 90 day after parturition in three group and maximum production was demonstrated in group B and then in group A heifers. In this research, the best response to the treatment was demonstrated in group B, because of probability of antibiotic persistence in milk, recommended that dry cow therapy be done in 60 day before parturition.

 Since many variables affect serum testosterone concentration in dogs, the present study was selected on six male dogs which were clinically healthy, mixed native breed, and in the 1.5-2 years age range. Blood samples were collected from the cephalic vein every 15 days and in the period from 8.30 to 11.30 AM. Then the samples were centrifuged and the serua were frozen at -20 ° C for the final survey. Serum testosterone concentrations were measured using ELISA thechnique. Information about environmental temperature, rainfall, and daylight duration were obtained from the weather center of Ahvaz, Khuzestan province and the results were analyzed by ANOVA and using a Paired t-test.
In this study, mean ± standard error of average of serum testosterone concentration was 4.5±1.8 ng/ml. The minimum and maximum of serum testosterone concentrations were 0.2 and 7.3 ng/ml, respectively.
The obtained results showed that the changes of serum testosterone levels, are significantly influenced by the sampling month (P<0.0001), so that lowest levels of serum testosterone (1.7 ng/ml) were in May and June, while the maximum amount of testosterone serum (6.7 ng/ml and 6.8 ng/ml) were in January and July.
The mean serum testosterone concentration was 1.93±0.25 ng/ml in the spring, then with a significant increase in the summer, it reached to 5.11±0.25 ng/ml (P<0.05). In the following, there was a slight and insignificant reduction of serum testosterone concentration in autumn that decreased to 4.96±0.25 ng/ml (P>0.05), and in winter, with a significant increase, the level reached to 5.94 ±0.25 ng/ml (P <0.05). so, the se1rum testosterone concentration was affected by sampling season.
In general, the variables of sampling season have the potential effect on serum testosterone concentration, that is, the temperature and daylight duration correlated negatively with the serum testosterone concentration (temperature R=-0.27; P=0.001, daylight duration R=-0.20; p=0.013), and the humidity, correlated positive significant with the amount of serum testosterone concentration of the studied dogs (R=0.21; P=0.011). aid dogs (R=0.21107; P=0.0111).

Endometritis is inflammation of the uterus without systemic illness. It is characterized by muco-purulent or purulent uterine discharge after parturation associated with aerobic or anaerobic bacterial infection of the uterus. IU infusion of several antibiotics result in drug residues in milk. Lugol’s iodine and oxytetracyline are irritating and are reported to cause coagulation necrosis of the endometrium .The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of intrauterine infusion of Dextrose 50% and Liquid Paraffin on postpartum endometritis instead of intrauterine Antibiotic.
A total of 60 cows with signs of clinical endometritis at day 26 ± 3 after parturation were randomly divided into four groups consist of: treatment with 50 ml paraffin in first group, treatment with 200 ml dextrose 50% in second group , treatment with intrauterine ointment of cefapirin ( Metricure® ) in third group and negative control without any treatment. In all groups, pair sample of discharge (before and after treatment) were collected in sterile tubes and transfered to lab and bacterial growth density and type of each were evaluated. Significant differences were observed in all treatment groups except of paraffin group, between before and after samples, by evaluating and comparison of horn diameter in this research. Changes in bacterial growth density of uterine discharges and changes in uterine cervix were significant in all treatment groups. Finally, based on results of this research, treatment with hypertonic dextrose 50% could be considerd as alternative treatment of endometritis with Metricure®.